A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding antenatal care among Primigravida mothers in a selected Villages of Mehsana District

Mrs. A. Jessie Angel Dayna¹, Ms. Vishakha Chaudhary²

¹HOD of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Nootan College of Nursing, Visnagar District, Mehsana

²2^nd year M.sc Nursing student, Nootan college of Nursing, Visnagar, Dist: Mehsana

*Corresponding Author E-mail: chaudharyvishakha1095@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

INTRODUCTION: In any community, mother and children constitute a priority group. Antenatal care is given to promote, protect and maintain the health during pregnancy. Detection of “high risk” cases and their appropriate management forms an importance strategy in antenatal care. Pregnancy refers to the fertilization and development of one or more offspring known as a fetus or embryo in woman’s uterus. Pregnancy is an experience full of growth change, enrichment and challenge. Pregnancy is a normal process that results in a series of both physiological and psychological changes in a woman. Some of these are temporary changes that occur during pregnancy; others extend for a period of time after pregnancy; still others are permanent. The female body adapts to this change normally. Physiological changes of pregnancy occur gradually, but eventually affect all organ of system of woman’s body.¹DESIGN: A quantitative approach using pre experimental one group pre-test post-test design. PARTICIPANTS: 60Primigravida mothers were selected by using Non-Probability Convenient sampling technique in Mehsana District. INTERVENTIONS: Structured teachingprogramme was given to the primigravida mothers .TOOL: Self Structured Questionnaire was used to assess the level of Knowledge regarding Antenatal acre among Primigravida mothersRESULTS: In this study overall the highest percentage in the demographic data including the Age group 31% (31-40y), Educational status 63% (Secondary), Occupation72% (House wife), Monthly income of family 55% (6000-9000rs), Type of family 64% (Joint family), No. Antenatal visit 55% (First), Gestational age 67% (1^st trimester), Source of information 55% (Health Personnel). The post- testmeanscore (11.33) washigherthan the mean pre-test knowledge score (5.71). The calculated “T” value (15.23) was greater than the table value (2.00) at 0.05 level of significance. The Structured Teaching programmewas effective in increasing the Knowledge regarding Antenatal care among Primigravida mothers. Chi-square test to associate with the level of knowledge and selected demographic variable. CONCLUSION: The findings of the study indicate that Structured Teaching Programmeis effective in increase knowledge regarding Antenatal care among Primigravida Mothers.

KEYWORDS: Assess effectiveness, Structured Teaching Programme, Knowledge.²

INTRODUCTION:

“Life is tough enough without having someone kick you from the inside.”

Rita Rudner

Pregnancy is a creative and productive period in the life of women. It is one of the physiological vital event, which needs special care from the conception to postnatal period, every mother wants to enjoy the nine months period with the baby inside her womb. Themothers joyful experience of the pregnancy is not going to be always but sometimes it is associated with problems of some minor ailments that may present among mothers which cause discomfort to the mothers during pregnancy. (Dutta)³

The mother and child must be considered as one unit because the fetus is part of the mother. Pregnancy and childbirth are the physiological process in the life of women. Padamsingh (2000)The period of development of fetus within mother is about 280 days. K.Park (2005),revealed that in any given community, mothers and children constitutes a priority group. The risk is connected with child bearing in case of women, growth and development in case of children. Nagaraj (1999) conducted a study associated with risk of sickness or death of mother and child or both..WHO(2005) estimates, detection of high risk cases and their appropriate management from an important strategy in antenatal care. Since India has high percentage of maternal mortality rate.⁴

NEED OF THE STUDY:

Antenatal care is an important intervention for the wellbeing of the pregnant mother and the expected infant, especially in regions where maternal and infant mortality rates are high. The main reason for high maternal mortality in India is that many women are not aware of the measures that are available to prevent diseases in pregnancy as well as basic information in self care during pregnancy. Many do not receive timely help either because they are unaware of the help available or help is not within the reasonable distance.⁵

A study conducted to Niger Dela in sub terliary Hospital in 2005 concluded that late looking for antenatal care common and unrelated to age, level of education, social class, previous fetal loss and previous obstetric complications. This show that the only factor involved was the dissemination of knowledge.⁶

Thus the investigator felt the needs to explore this area and to assess the knowledge and practice of mothers regarding antenatal care. The aim of the investigator is to find out any association between knowledge and practice of pregnant women regarding antenatal care in selected demographic variables (age, family income, types of family, education status.) Poor utilization of services reflects cultural and socio – economic constraints as well as perceptions regarding accessibility of facilities and quality of care. Nearly 64.00% of women who did not utilize antenatal services consider it unnecessary reflecting both the traditional notion that child bearing is not an event worthy of medical attention.⁷

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

“A study to assess the effectiveness of structure teaching program on knowledge regarding antenatal care among primi gravida mother in selected villages of mehsana district”

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:

1. To assess the existing knowledge of primigravida mother regarding antenatal care

2. To assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program regarding antenatal care among primigravida mother.

3. To find out association between post-test knowledge level with their selected demographic variable.

HYPOTHESIS:

H₀: There will be no significant association between pre-test and post-test of knowledge on Antenatal care of primigravida mothers.

H1: There will be significant association between knowledge and demographic variables.

H2: There will be a significant difference between pre-test and post-test knowledge of the primigravida mother regarding antenatal care.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Pre experimental one group Pretest /Post-test research design and Quantitative Approach. Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program knowledge regarding Antenatal care amongPrimigravida mothers in selected Villages of Mehsana district. The data were collected from 60 Antenatal mothers. “Non-Probability Convenient” sampling technique were used. A structured questionnaire was selected to assess the knowledge regarding Antenatal care.

RESULTS:

Demographic data was analyzed using frequency and percentage. Frequencies, percentage, mean, mean percentage and standard deviation was used to determine the knowledge score. The ‘t’ value was computed to show the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme and chi-square test was done to determine the association between the post-test knowledge of Primigravidamothers with selected demographic variables.

Finding related to demographic data:

In this study overall the highest percentage in demographic variableAge group 31% (31-40y), Educational status 63% (Secondary), Occupation72% (House wife), Monthly income of family 55% (6000-9000rs), Type of family 64% (Joint family), No. Antenatal visit 55% (First), Gestational age 67% (1^st trimester), Source of information 55% (Health Personnel).

Finding related to pre and post knowledge score:

Level of Knowledge	Pre test		Post test
Level of Knowledge	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
Poor (0 -7 score)	42	70%	09	15%
Average (08 -14score)	18	30%	39	65%
Good (15 -20 score)	00	00	12	20%
TOTAL	60	100%	60	100%

Pre-test, 42 (70%) of Primigravida Mothers had Poor level(0-7score) of knowledge on Antenatal care, 18(30%) of Primigravida Mothers had average(8-14score) level of knowledge on Antenatal care and no one had good knowledge (21-30) on Antenatal care.

During Post-test, 09(15%) of Primigravida mothers had Poor level (0-7 score) of knowledge on Antenatal care,39(65%) of Primigravida mothers had average (8-14score) level of knowledge on Antenatal careand 12(20%) had good knowledge (15-20) onAntenatal care.

It was inferred from the above table that the StructuredTeachingProgramme was effective in improving knowledge on Antenatal care among Primigravida mothers.

Finding related to association between posttest knowledge score of Antenatal mothers with selected demographic variables:

Table show that the association between the Post-test level of Knowledge and socio demographic Variable. Based on the Third objectives used to chi-square test to associate the levelof knowledge of Antenatal care and selected demographic variable. The chi square value show that there is significant in Age, Educational status, Occupation, Monthly income of family, Type of family, No. of Antenatal visit, Gestational weeks and Source of information. The calculated Chi-square was less than the table value at the 0.05 level of significance.

CONCLUSION:

The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Antenatal care. The study was conducted by using Pre experimental one group pre-test post-test research design. Mehsana district was selected for conducting the study. The sample size was 60 Primigravida mothers by using non probability convenient sampling method

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Received on 07.12.2019 Modified on 31.12.2019

Int. J. of Advances in Nur. Management. 2020; 8(1):93-95.

DOI: 10.5958/2454-2652.2020.00022.0

Knowledge test	Mean score	Mean Difference	SD	Calculated ‘t’ value	Table ‘t’ value	df	Level of significance
Pre-test	5.71	5.62	2.64	15.23	2.000	59	0.05
Post-test	11.33	5.62	3.74	15.23	2.000	59	0.05